Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine has now passed the four-year mark. Throughout that period, it has shaped the nature and dynamics of most politically motivated prosecutions in the country. According to the Conflict Intelligence Team, 2025 was the deadliest year yet for civilians on both sides of the front line. Online discussion of Ukrainian strikes on Russian territory and Russian-occupied areas of Ukraine has increasingly led to prosecutions for public justification and propaganda of terrorism, while accusations of passing information to Ukrainian intelligence or arson attacks on infrastructure have become routine features of these cases.
Political Prisoners Memorial has published its Annual Report 2025 on political repression in Russia.